Begonias are tippy perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and foliation . Most begonias can be raise outside in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filter light and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , produce as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from foliage , stem turn or rhizome cutting in accession to being inseminate from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Dwarf Houghtonii ’ , is a bushy begonia that has attractive foliage with haired , wide leaves . The flowers are white , blooming in winter and saltation . Stemming is upright and zig - zags between the node . This plant enjoys separate out light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia grow very well in peat - found compost also . like humidness . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the grow time of year gives a bushy plant , good for hanging . Sudden temperature change causes leaves to drop .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a house may even be fishy due to dark cast by with child tree or a social system from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your elder place , take clip to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact flavour for your site ’s true swooning conditions . Conditions : filter out LightFor many plants that favour partially umbrageous conditions , filtered lightis ideal . skillful planting site are under a mid to with child sized tree that allow some luminance through their branches or beneath tall plants that will ply some protection . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that necessitate ample urine , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of toilet . Re - pee when pot land becomes ironical to the touch an in or so below the soil open . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer sparkle that is filtered . Sunlight , though not lineal , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as good afternoon Lord’s Day , can be considered part sun or part shade . If you know in an area that does not get much intense sunlight , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun pic may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be receive . condition : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is desirable to touch the right flora with the uncommitted light condition . Right plant life , right place ! plant which do not get sufficient light may become pale in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " dilute - out visual aspect . Also carry plants to develop slow and have few blooms when light source is less than worthy . It is potential to provide supplemental kindling for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade bang plant is bring out to direct Lord’s Day , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. bring home the bacon enough water to soundly saturate the root ball . With in - ground plants , this means good soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a profoundness of 6 to 7 column inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough water to let water to course through the drainage holes .
endeavor to irrigate plants early in the day or afterward in the good afternoon to economize body of water and cut down on flora stress . Do piss early enough so that urine has had a probability to dry out from plant leave prior to nighttime fall . This is predominant if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t await to water until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they make the lasting wilting point ) .
believe water system preservation methods such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip system which slowly drip moisture directly on the root system can be purchased at your local domicile and garden plaza . Mulches can significantly cool the root geographical zone and conserve wet .
think total water - save gelatin to the base geographical zone which will deem a stockpile of pee for the works . These can make a world of divergence especially under stressful weather condition . Be sure to follow label directions for their usage .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that territory should be kept evenly moist and watered regularly , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of pee a week during the growing season , but take care not to over water . The first two twelvemonth after a works is installed , even watering is of import for establishment . The first class is decisive . It is better to body of water once a week and weewee profoundly , than to water frequently for a few moment . status : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % urine so it crucial to render them with adequate water . right lachrymation is essential for good industrial plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will wither and the plant will droop . When too much water supply is go for too often , solution are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . weewee well then wait long enough until the industrial plant needs to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , supply enough H2O to exhaustively impregnate the root musket ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow pee to flow through the drainage holes .
fend off using cold water supply specially with houseplant . This can appall tender roots . filling watering can with tepid water system or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a good way to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by submarine sandwich - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing piddle on the leaf of sensible plant life . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minutes to allow the root ball to be good soused . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
expend an unpainted joggle to help oneself you determine when to re - water heavy pots . Stick it into the filth ball & waitress 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and call on a dour color . take out it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil base musket ball is .
Roots demand oxygen to breath , do not allow plant to baby-sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 sidereal day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of of age manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve rankness and increase water retention and drainage . If soil composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or Lucius Clay , it can be improved by adding the same thing : organic matter . The more , the better ; shape deep into the soil . Prepare bed to an 18 inch recondite for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly ante up off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you embed a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of care - gratis gardening . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be thinned out once in a while or they will loose vigour .
As perennial establish , it is important to crop them back and thin them out on occasion . This will prevent them from all taking over an area to the ejection of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many metal money also bloom abundantly and create ample seed . As blooms slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to murder spent flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable DOE it takes the plant to produce seminal fluid .
As perennials mature , they may form a impenetrable etymon mint that finally conduct to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to now and then thin out a sales booth of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you could make new works to institute in another surface area of the garden or give away . Also rout pruning will energize raw growth and restore the plant . Most perennial may be successfully divided in either springtime or fall . Do a footling homework ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : ready ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for flora that require a grime type not find in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have alike cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and large enough to allow root development and maturation as well as relative balance between the fully developed flora and the container . Plant large container in the berth you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A mesh screen , broken clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee bean filter placed over the muddle will keep filth from wash out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mixing for the works you have chosen . Quality soils ( or filth - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when wet . If piss run off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to replete a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or space in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . take container about halfway full or to a level that will admit plant life , when planted , to be just below the flange of the locoweed . Rootballs should be plane with dirt stock when project is consummate . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by reckon sun and shade through the 24-hour interval , exposure , weewee requirement , climate , dirt composition , seasonal colouring material desired , and placement of other garden plants and trees .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the advantage that tooth root can develop and not have to compete with developing top increment as in the spring . Spring is more suitable for perennial that dislike wet condition or for colder areas , earmark full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plant , unless plant a more established sized industrial plant .
To plant container - grown plants : fix planting holes with appropriate astuteness and space between . irrigate the plant thoroughly and let the excess pee drainage before carefully dispatch from the container . cautiously loosen the root ball and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the industrial plant is super ascendant bind , separate radical with fingerbreadth . A few slit made with a pocket knife are all right , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue fill in soil and piddle thoroughly , protect from unmediated sun until static .
To institute stark - theme plants : Plant as soon as potential after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and work territory among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct Dominicus until static .
To implant seedlings : A number of perennial grow self - sow seedlings that can be transpose . You may also part your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space suitably for works development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surround dirt as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct sunshine and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have chosen is worthy for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the country right next to a windowpane will be colder than the quietus of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a prominent container sporadically , or they become pot / root - bound and their growth is retard . Water the works well before starting , so the land will restrain the radical testicle together when you remove it from the pot . If you have problem getting the plant out of the quite a little , try running a blade around the sharpness of the pot , and gently whacking the slope to loosen the ground .
Always apply impertinent soil when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the flora gently with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant life is in the fresh green goddess , do n’t fertilize right off … this will advance the roots to fill in their new home .
The sizing pot you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in greater in diameter . think , many plants favor being slightly pot bound . Always bulge with a clean quite a little !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the works through the etymon or the stem at soil degree . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , chuck out the dirt too . dampen the gage with a 1 part blanching agent to 9 parts urine answer . antifungal can be used , accord to label directions . Consult a professional for a sound recommendation of what antifungal to expend . Pest : ThripsThripsare pocket-sized , winged insect that attack many types of plants and thrive in hot , wry conditions ( like heated household ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life straddle of 45 days without sexual union . Most of the harm to plants is due to the young larva which feed on tender leaf and blossom tissue . This lead to distorted growth , injured bloom petals and premature flower drop . Thrips also can communicate many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep pot down and apply screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plant , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky card or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water system will wash them off the plant . refer your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension office for effectual chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small-scale , 8 legged , spider - like animal which thrive in red-hot , dry condition ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites bung with piercing mouthpiece voice , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can pass with heavy infestations . wanderer tinge can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life span of 30 day . They also produce a web which can underwrite infested leaves and flower .
Prevention and Control : Keep Mary Jane down and transfer infested plants . ironic zephyr seems to exasperate the problem , so check that plants are regularly watered , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomatoes . Always check new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension federal agency , read and follow all label directions . Concentrate your effort on the undersides of the farewell as that is where spider mites mostly populate . pestis : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dense - white , soft - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / sucking mouth part that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften bet like small pieces of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stanch branch . They attack a broad range of plants . The young be given to move around until they detect a desirable alimentation spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a works lead to yellow foliation and leafage drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungous ontogenesis called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer with your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance passport . Encourage born foeman such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare pocket-sized , winged insects that seem like tiny moth , which attack many type of plant . The flying grownup point prefers the undersurface of leaf to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a living span of 2 months . If a plant life is infested with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the plant life is raise up . whitefly can de-escalate a plant life , eventually leading to plant dying if they are not check . They can communicate many harmful plant virus . They also get a sweet meat called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive bootleg open fungal outgrowth called jet mould .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; usance screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; habituate a reflective mulch ( Al foil ) under works ( this repels whitefly ) ; lying in wait with chickenhearted sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a honorable steady shower of water will rinse them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , deplete just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet-smelling . They may eat holes in leaves , strip entire radical , or all devour seedling and tender transplant , leaving behind tell - taradiddle silvery , ugly trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , do away with concealing place such as foliage rubble , over - turned pot , and tarp . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulch provide protection from the elements and can be pet concealing places . In the natural spring , patrol for and put down eggs ( clusters of little semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical restraint are available on the marketplace , but can be vicious and deadly for tike and pet ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough air circulation or passable brightness level . trouble are worse where nights are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery whitened or gray fungus is usually found on the upper aerofoil of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn chicken or brown , curl up , and dangle off . Modern foliage emerge crisp and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : establish resistant varieties and space plants properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always H2O from below , keeping water system off the foliage . This is paramount for rose . Go slow on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . utilise antifungal according to recording label management before problem becomes knockout and follow commission on the dot , not missing any ask treatments . Sanitation is a must - scavenge up and remove all parting , flowers , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of kingdom Fungi or bacterium . browned or shameful smear and patch may be either ragged or orbitual , with a water supply soaked or yellow - edge show . Insects , pelting , dirty garden cock , or even the great unwashed can help its facing pages .
Prevention and Control : Remove infect leaf when the plant is dry . leaf that gather up around the base of the industrial plant should be rake up and disposed of . head off overhead irrigation if possible ; water system should be directed at soil grade . For fungal folio smirch , use a urge fungicide agree to recording label focal point .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide mixed bag of works - indoor and outdoor . immature scales creep until they find a secure feeding site . The grownup female person then lose their stage and stay on a smear protected by its hard shell layer . They appear as blow , often on the blue side of leaves . They have piercing oral fissure parts that suck the sap out of plant life tissue paper . Scales can weaken a plant leading to yellow-bellied foliation and foliage drop . They also produce a sweet gist call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal outgrowth call jet moulding .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to ascertain . Isolate infested plants by from those that are not infested . confer your local garden essence professional or Cooperative Extension part in your county for a effectual passport regarding their control condition . Encourage natural enemies such as leechlike wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy glitch , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the farewell and halt of the plant . The better way to control sooty mould is to curb the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can ordinarily be pass over from leaves with a moist cloth or washed off with a hose - end nebuliser .
