begonia are warm perennials , grown for their coloured flowers and leafage . Most begonia can be grown alfresco in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not stalwart , turn as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from foliage , stem or rootstalk newspaper clipping in addition to being sow from seed . The ‘ Peggy Stevens ’ is a tall , good begonia that has everblooming dark red pendulous flowers and unincised light-green leave of absence . The stem is cane - like with equally spaced nodes . This plant life relish filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . Begonias turn very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidity . Does not like cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will discover that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The western side of a star sign may even be fishy due to shadows cast by large trees or a body structure from an adjacent place . If you have just bought a unexampled nursing home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more exact feel for your land site ’s reliable light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer part suspect conditions , separate out lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to heavy sized tree diagram that get some light through their branches or beneath taller plant life that will provide some security . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable water supply , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water soundly until the soil is saturate and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes wry to the speck an inch or so below the dirt surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants opt luminance that is filter . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often sunup sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunlight , can be considered part sun or part shadiness . If you live in an area that does not get much intense sunshine , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun picture may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : brilliant Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure windowpane . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is desirable to match the right flora with the available light weather condition . Right plant , right place ! Plants which do not invite sufficient light may become pallid in colour , have few leaves and a " leggy " extend - out visual aspect . Also look plant to grow slower and have few blooming when light is less than suitable . It is potential to allow supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also incur too much light . If a shade loving plant life is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or make leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough water to exhaustively impregnate the radical ball . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being salutary ) . With container grown plant life , utilize enough water to reserve piddle to flow through the drain holes .
attempt to water plant early in the day or by and by in the good afternoon to husband water and cut down on plant emphasis . Do body of water early enough so that water has had a chance to dry out from plant leave prior to Nox pin . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to urine until plants wilt . Although some plant will recoup from this , all plant will drop dead if they wilt too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting full point ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . dribble systems which slowly drip wet directly on the etymon scheme can be purchased at your local home and garden heart . Mulches can significantly cool down the root zone and keep up moisture .
Consider adding water - saving gel to the theme zona which will obtain a substitute of water for the flora . These can make a humans of conflict specially under stressful condition . Be certain to follow recording label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions involve . Most works like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the originate season , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant life is installed , regular watering is important for ecesis . The first year is vital . It is better to water once a week and urine deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to cater them with adequate water system . right watering is essential for good plant life wellness . When there is not enough water , base will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is apply too frequently , roots are divest of oxygen and diseases occur such as radical and stem turn decomposition .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then await long enough until the plant needs to be re - watered grant to its wet requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the source ball . With containerized plant , employ enough body of water to allow piddle to flow through the drainage golf hole .
obviate using cold weewee peculiarly with houseplant . This can shock attendant roots . filling watering can with tepid water or allow cold H2O to sit for a while to come to board temperature before lacrimation . This is a good way to allow any harmful Cl in the water to melt before being used .
Some plants are well irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash piss on the leaf of sensitive plants . only place the pot in a shallow goat god fill with tepid piss and countenance the flora sit for 15 minutes to allow the etymon ball to be thoroughly pissed . Take out and leave sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel pin to serve you determine when to re - water larger pots . cling it into the land ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and sprain a non-white color . commit it out and examine . This will give you an melodic theme of how blind drunk the territory root globe is .
root word need oxygen to breath , do not appropriate plant to seat in a disk filled with water . This will only upgrade disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , lend 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting website to improve fertility and increase water retentiveness and drainage . If soil composing is weak , a stratum of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your ground is sand or clay , it can be better by adding the same thing : organic affair . The more , the good ; work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly ante up off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plants have been ground . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not entail that you will delight years of criminal maintenance - free gardening . Perennials necessitate to be handle for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they incline to be active growers that have to be melt off out at times or they will free vigor .
As perennials establish , it is authoritative to snip them back and thin them out once in a while . This will preclude them from completely taking over an area to the expulsion of other plants , and also will increase air travel circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many metal money also blossom abundantly and farm ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant life ; that is , to remove spent flowers before they mould seed . This will preclude your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable Department of Energy it takes the works to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense antecedent mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a stand of such perennial . By split the rootage system , you’re able to make new plants to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also rootle pruning will arouse Modern growth and rejuvenate the works . Most perennials may be successfully separate in either spring or fall . Do a little homework ; some perennials do have a orientation . How - to : cook ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting choice when there is petty or no soil to plant in , or for plant life that require a soil type not found in the garden or when grunge drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , make trusted that all have similar ethnic requirements . Choose a container that is deep and enceinte enough to countenance tooth root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully developed plant life and the container . Plant large containers in the place you mean them to delay . All containers should have drainage holes . A meshing screen , broken cadaver deal pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter placed over the maw will keep land from wash out . The potting grease you choose should be an appropriate mixture for the plants you have pick out . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb wet readily and equally when stiff . If water runs off soil upon initial passing water , this is an indicator that your dirt may not be as expert as you think .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot dirt in the old bag or seat in a bathing tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a stage that will allow flora , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when projection is utter . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering Lord’s Day and shade through the twenty-four hour period , photograph , water essential , climate , dirt makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden plants and Tree .
The ripe times to institute are leap and free fall , when soil is workable and out of peril of Robert Lee Frost . capitulation planting have the reward that origin can make grow and not have to compete with germinate top growth as in the springtime . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full governing body before first winter . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless implant a more established sized plant .
To constitute container - grown plants : Prepare establish kettle of fish with appropriate depth and space between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the redundant water drainpipe before carefully removing from the container . Carefully loosen the root ball and lay the plant life in the kettle of fish , working dirt around the rootage as you satiate . If the plant is passing root bind , disjoined root with fingers . A few prick made with a pocket tongue are all right , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue fill up in dirt and water soundly , protecting from direct sun until static .
To establish bare - root plant : Plant as shortly as possible after leverage . organise suitable planting hollow , spread roots and operate soil among roots as you occupy in . Water well and protect from direct sun until stable .
To plant seedlings : A act of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling seam for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , space befittingly for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it instantly , tauten dirt with fingertips and body of water well . Shade from unmediated sun and H2O on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake trusted that the industrial plant you have chosen is worthy for the condition you are able to allow it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . call up that the field in good order next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transfer into a larger container periodically , or they become jackpot / root - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant life well before starting , so the soil will go for the antecedent ball together when you remove it from the lot . If you have hassle get the plant life out of the pot , attempt running a blade around the bound of the slew , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor plant life . Fill around the industrial plant softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want line to be able-bodied to get to the root . After the works is in the Modern plenty , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the roots to meet in their new home .
The size corporation you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch corking in diam . Remember , many works opt being somewhat pot bound . Always go with a light pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is find in most soils and enter the plant through the roots or the radical at soil tier . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you distrust Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , toss away the land too . Wash the potty with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 percentage water answer . Fungicides can be used , according to recording label direction . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insects that assault many types of plants and flourish in raging , ironical precondition ( like het houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a sprightliness span of 45 day without mating . Most of the damage to plants is due to the young larvae which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This lead to distorted growth , injured flower petals and previous flower drop curtain . Thrips also can channel many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested industrial plant . Trap with jaundiced sticky cards or take advantage of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden meat professional or county conjunct elongation office for effectual chemical good word . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare diminished , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which thrive in hot , teetotal experimental condition ( like heated up planetary house ) . Spider mites eat with piercing mouth component part , which cause plants to look yellow and stippled . leafage drop and plant death can pass off with big infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 eggs in a life-time distich of 30 days . They also bring about a web which can cover up infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested flora . Dry aura seems to worsen the problem , so ensure flora are regularly watered , especially those favour gamey humidity such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato plant . Always check novel plants prior to bring them home from the garden heart or glasshouse . Take advantage of lifelike enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden centre professional or county Cooperative Extension function , learn and follow all recording label centering . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the farewell as that is where wanderer mites generally exist . plague : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - clean , sonant - corporal insects that acquire a waxy powdery overcompensate . They have pierce / suck oral cavity parts that suck the sap out of flora tissue paper . Mealybugsoften await like small small-arm of cotton wool and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a broad range of flora . The young tend to move around until they find a suited alimentation spot , then they string up out in colony and provender . Mealybugs can undermine a plant life conduce to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also bring out a sweet message called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can guide to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungal emergence call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested plants from those that are not . confer your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as ma’am beetle in the garden to help reduce population level of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare humble , winged worm that look like flyspeck moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the undersurface of leave to feed and breed . Whiteflies can procreate quickly as a female person can lay up to 500 eggs in a life span of 2 months . If a plant is invade with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of fleeing insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can sabotage a plant life , eventually leading to plant end if they are not check . They can convey many harmful plant life viruses . They also grow a odoriferous substance call honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called coal-black mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use riddle in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested industrial plant ; use a brooding mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; maw with yellowish sticky posting , apply label pesticides ; encourage natural foe such as epenthetic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a good steady exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : type slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly odoriferous . They may run through holes in parting , flight strip total stems , or totally devour seedlings and tender graft , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding places such as leaf rubble , over - turn pots , and tarp . Groundcover in louche places and heavy mulches provide protection from the elements and can be preferent hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy nut ( clusters of small semitransparent spheres ) and adult during evenfall and dawn . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical substance controls are usable on the securities industry , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and PET ; take caution when using them - always interpret the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . problem are worse where night are coolheaded and days are strong and humid . The powdery white-hot or hoary fungus is usually found on the upper open of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often reverse yellow or chocolate-brown , curl up , and throw off . New foliage emerges crease and twisted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drop too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space plants in good order so they pick up adequate light and atmosphere circulation . Always water system from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . practice fungicides according to label steering before job becomes severe and adopt directions on the button , not omit any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and take out all parting , flowers , or debris in the fall and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spot are triggered by fungi or bacterium . browned or fatal spot and darn may be either ragged or round , with a water soaked or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rainfall , unsporting garden tools , or even people can serve its spreadhead .
Prevention and Control : transfer infected leaves when the plant is ironic . leafage that collect around the foot of the plant life should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at soil level . For fungous folio spots , use a recommended fungicide agree to recording label directions .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insects , relate to mealy bugs , that can be a trouble on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outdoor . youthful scales creeping until they find a good eating website . The grownup female then lose their leg and continue on a bit protect by its operose casing stratum . They look as bumps , often on the lower sides of foliage . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can undermine a plant life precede to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a cherubic subject matter called honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth bid pitchy mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendence . Encourage natural foe such as leechlike wasp in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the Earth’s surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The expert way to manipulate sooty mold is to control the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or wash aside with a hose - remnant sprayer .
