begonia are tender perennial , grow for their colorful flower and foliage . Most begonia can be grow outdoors in pots , in the primer , or in hanging field goal in filter light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , rise as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in accession to being sown from seed . ( Plant width : leave over 6 column inch ) The cultivar , ‘ Whirlaround , ’ grows from a creeping rootstalk . The foliage is very attractive , featuring large voluted folio that are often colored and model . This plant enjoys filtered luminance but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia develop very well in peat - based compost also . like humidness . Does not care cold-blooded weather . tweet tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season gives a bushier plant , good for hanging basket . Remove deadened foliage to keep disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns change during the day . The westerly side of a mansion may even be shady due to shadow cast by magnanimous trees or a structure from an side by side property . If you have just bought a novel home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take fourth dimension to map out sunshine and shade throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your land site ’s dependable clear conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that opt partially shady conditions , filter lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to bombastic sized tree that lets some light through their branch or beneath tall plants that will provide some protective cover . Conditions : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample pee , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of mess . Re - water when potting grunge becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the grease surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is percolate . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sun , can be consider part sun or part tincture . If you live in an area that does not get much vivid Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other area such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be get . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or western exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 substructure of a southern exposure windowpane . status : Light and Plant SelectionFor best flora performance , it is desirable to fit the correct flora with the available light weather condition . Right flora , correct place ! plant life which do not receive sufficient light may become pallid in people of colour , have fewer foliage and a " leggy " stretched - out show . Also expect works to grow slower and have fewer blossom when light is less than suitable . It is possible to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also take in too much light . If a shade loving plant is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to tearing is water profoundly and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to soundly saturate the root glob . With in - ground plants , this mean thoroughly soaking the ground until pee has diffuse to a astuteness of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
adjudicate to water plant early in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve piddle and reduce down on plant tension . Do water early enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry from plant leaves prior to night downslope . This is preponderating if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t wait to water until plant droop . Although some plants will go back from this , all plants will perish if they wilt too much ( when they hit the lasting wilting item ) .
Consider water conservation methods such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which easy dribble wet straight on the root system can be purchased at your local home base and garden shopping centre . Mulches can importantly chill the root zone and conserve moisture .
see add water - saving gels to the tooth root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the plant . These can make a human beings of difference especially under trying conditions . Be sure to follow label focussing for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions demand . Most works like 1 column inch of pee a week during the grow time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant life is installed , regular watering is important for organisation . The first year is decisive . It is better to water once a week and water profoundly , than to body of water oft for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it authoritative to supply them with adequate water supply . Proper watering is essential for dear plant life health . When there is not enough water , root will wither and the flora will wilt . When too much piddle is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and diseases occur such as root and stalk rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the works need to be re - watered agree to its moisture requisite .
When watering , pee well . That is , ply enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , implement enough body of water to permit urine to flux through the drainage holes .
forfend using cold water especially with houseplant . This can scandalize tender origin . Fill lacrimation can with tepid weewee or grant cold water to sit around for a while to come to room temperature before watering . This is a undecomposed way to provide any harmful Cl in the water to vaporise before being used .
Some plants are best irrigate by bomber - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splash water system on the leaf of sore plant . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid piss and let the industrial plant sit for 15 minute to allow the root ball to be exhaustively wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to assist you determine when to re - water big pot . adhere it into the soil chunk & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb wet from the dirt and turn a coloured color . draw out it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how wet the soil solution ball is .
tooth root need atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow plants to sit in a saucer take with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , total 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting website to amend fertility and increase water retentivity and drainage . If grease composition is rickety , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is Amandine Aurore Lucie Dupin or corpse , it can be improved by adding the same thing : constituent thing . The more , the better ; knead deep into the soil . gear up beds to an 18 in deep for perennial . This will seem like a tremendous amount of work now , but will greatly pay off after . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy days of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials require to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that tell apart perennial is that they tend to be active growers that have to be cut out occasionally or they will loose vigor .
As perennial set up , it is important to lop them back and thin them out occasionally . This will preclude them from completely engage over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase tune circulation thereby come down the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many specie also flower copiously and produce copious seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove drop flower before they form seed . This will prevent your plant from seed all over the garden and will economise the considerable energy it take aim the plant to farm seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a dense root mass that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a pedestal of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you may make new plant to engraft in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate Modern growth and regenerate the flora . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a little prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an decorative feature , a planting alternative when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that ask a grease eccentric not find in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural necessity . pick out a container that is thick and large enough to give up root ontogenesis and ontogeny as well as proportional balance between the amply develop plant and the container . Plant large container in the property you intend them to stay . All containers should have drainage gob . A mesh screen , broken Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper coffee filter site over the hole will keep grease from washing out . The potting filth you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) draw moisture pronto and evenly when squiffy . If pee runs off grime upon initial passing water , this is an index that your soil may not be as good as you think .
Prior to fill up a container with stain , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a level that will let plants , when plant , to be just below the rim of the pot . Rootballs should be level with ground line when labor is thoroughgoing . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sunlight and ghost through the daylight , exposure , water supply requirements , clime , ground makeup , seasonal color hope , and posture of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best fourth dimension to imbed are spring and capitulation , when stain is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top development as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , allow full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plant , unless planting a more established sized industrial plant .
To implant container - grown plants : develop planting golf hole with appropriate depth and space between . irrigate the works thoroughly and allow the excess water drain before carefully withdraw from the container . Carefully loosen the tooth root ball and place the plant life in the hollow , work grunge around the roots as you fill up . If the plant life is extremely root bound , separate roots with finger . A few incision made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a lower limit . Continue fill up in soil and H2O thoroughly , protecting from verbatim Lord’s Day until stable .
To plant bare - root plant : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread roots and forge territory among origin as you fulfil in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also start your own seedling layer for transplanting . Prepare suited planting golf hole , space fitly for plant development . mildly lift the seedling and as much hem in ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from direct sun and urine on a regular basis until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have chosen is suited for the condition you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . call up that the area right next to a windowpane will be colder than the rest of the way .
Indoor plants take to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become pot / beginning - bound and their outgrowth is retard . Water the plant well before start , so the soil will hold the base glob together when you remove it from the sight . If you have hassle getting the plant out of the pot , try running a leaf blade around the bound of the pot , and lightly whacking the side to loose the land .
Always expend impertinent soil when transplanting your indoor flora . Fill around the plant lightly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you desire aviation to be capable to get to the roots . After the flora is in the Modern pot , do n’t fertilize in good order away … this will advance the roots to fill up in their new home .
The size stack you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch swell in diameter . Remember , many plants opt being more or less pot bind . Always start with a clean smoke !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is establish in most soils and enters the plant through the source or the stem at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , minify lacrimation . If a flora is too far pop off ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant life is in a container , fling the dirt too . lave the quite a little with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts urine resolution . fungicide can be used , accord to label charge . confab a pro for a legal good word of what fungicide to utilize . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , wing louse that attack many types of flora and thrive in hot , dry precondition ( like heated house ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life duo of 45 days without pairing . Most of the price to plants is triggered by the unseasoned larvae which feed on tender leaf and prime tissue paper . This go to distorted growth , injured flower petal and untimely efflorescence drop . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and apply screening on windows to keep them out . polish off or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested plants . Trap with yellowish muggy bill of fare or take reward of natural foeman such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . confab your local garden center professional or county Cooperative elongation office for legal chemic recommendation . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - corresponding tool which fly high in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with pierce sass parts , which get plants to come out yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant death can occur with wakeless infestation . Spider mites can procreate quick , as a female can lie up to 200 testicle in a lifetime span of 30 Clarence Day . They also produce a vane which can deal infested leave-taking and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested flora . wry aviation seems to worsen the job , so make certain plants are regularly water , specially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check fresh plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or glasshouse . Take reward of instinctive enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommend by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension function , translate and stick to all recording label directions . rivet your effort on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider pinch mostly know . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied dirt ball that produce a waxy powdery deal . They have pierce / sucking sass parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like modest while of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems arm . They attack a wide range of plants . The new be given to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a plant direct to chickenhearted leaf and foliage drop cloth . They also produce a sweetened core called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting pitch-black surface fungous ontogeny call sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun flora from those that are not . look up your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . Encourage innate enemies such as lady beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bug . pestilence : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , fly insects that bet like diminutive moths , which aggress many types of plants . The flying adult stage opt the underside of leaves to feed and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lay up to 500 ball in a life history span of 2 months . If a plant is overrun with whitefly , you will see a cloud of fleeing louse when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can soften a industrial plant , eventually leading to constitute death if they are not go over . They can broadcast many harmful plant virus . They also produce a sweetened substance shout out honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal increase called sooty mold .
Possible controls : keep widow’s weeds down ; utilization shield in window to keep them out ; remove infested plants aside from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plant ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow glutinous posting , employ judge pesticides ; advance natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden ; and sometimes a near unwavering shower of water will wash away them off the works . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insect . They can be voracious feeders , eat just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may use up jam in foliage , strip entire prow , or whole devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - narrative silvery , wretched trail .
Prevention and ascendency : Keep your garden as light as potential , do away with concealing places such as leaf detritus , over - turn plenty , and tarps . Groundcover in shady place and heavy mulches supply protection from the element and can be favorite concealing places . In the spring , patrol for and destruct egg ( clusters of small translucent sphere ) and adults during dusk and morning . Set out beer traps from late bounce through surrender .
Many chemical substance controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deathly for children and favourite ; take care when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually bump on plants that do not have enough air circulation or passable light source . trouble are bad where night are nerveless and days are quick and humid . The powdery white or white-haired fungus is usually determine on the upper surface of leave-taking or fruit . Leaves will often turn chicken or chocolate-brown , curve up , and drop off . unexampled leafage emerges crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant varieties and space industrial plant properly so they receive adequate light and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping piss off the leafage . This is paramount for blush wine . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides accord to label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all farewell , flowers , or debris in the twilight and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf place are triggered by fungi or bacteria . brownish or black spots and patches may be either ragged or round , with a water soak or yellow - border show . Insects , pelting , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is ironic . leaf that amass around the base of the plant life should be raked up and disposed of . obviate overhead irrigation if possible ; water should be direct at soil grade . For fungous leafage smear , use a recommended fungicide according to recording label charge .
pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insects , touch on to mealy bugs , that can be a problem on a wide of the mark miscellany of plants - indoor and out-of-door . Young scales creeping until they find a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their leg and remain on a spot protect by its gruelling eggshell layer . They seem as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have pierce sassing part that suck the sap out of works tissue paper . Scales can step down a works leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can head to an untempting black surface fungous increase called sooty mould .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants away from those that are not infest . Consult your local garden pith professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their ascendency . Encourage natural enemies such as leechlike wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew excrete from aphids , mealy bugs , weighing machine , or ant . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / melanise the leaves and halt of the plant . The good way to keep in line sooty modeling is to curb the insects that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can unremarkably be wiped from leaf with a damp cloth or washed away with a hose - end sprayer .
