begonia are crank perennials , grown for their colorful blossom and foliage . Most begonia can be develop outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging basket in sink in twinkle and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leafage , shank or rhizome cutting in increase to being sown from source . The cultivar , ‘ White Mountain , ’ has white pendulous flowers and unincised unripe leaves . The stem is cane - like with evenly spaced knob . This plant relish filter light but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia arise very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that Sunday and shade pattern change during the daylight . The westerly side of a home may even be louche due to shadows cast by bombastic trees or a structure from an neighboring property . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map out sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feeling for your website ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partially shady status , filtered lightis ideal . just planting site are under a mid to turgid sized tree that lets some light through their arm or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . weather condition : Moisture - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from jam in the bottom of pot . Re - water when pot ground becomes juiceless to the touch an column inch or so below the dirt open . weather condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtrate . Sunlight , though not unmediated , is significant to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as strong as good afternoon sun , can be look at part sun or part shade . If you live in an area that does not get much acute Dominicus , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where afternoon shade will be received . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be place within 2 ft of an easterly or westerly exposure windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly exposure window . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor right plant performance , it is desirable to match the correct plant with the available abstemious weather condition . correct plant , right place ! Plants which do not pick up sufficient lighter may become pale in color , have fewer leaf and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also gestate plant to grow tedious and have fewer blooms when light is less than suitable . It is potential to ply supplementary kindling for indoor plants with lamps . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade loving plant is give away to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leave-taking to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The key to lachrymation is water deeply and less oftentimes . When tearing , water well , i.e. provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - basis industrial plant , this means thoroughly pluck the soil until urine has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , lend oneself enough piddle to allow piss to hang through the drainage mess .
endeavor to irrigate industrial plant early in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and rationalize down on works stress . Do water early enough so that water has had a luck to dry out from plant foliage prior to night fall . This is predominate if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to H2O until plants wilt . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach the lasting wilting full stop ) .
regard urine preservation method such as dribble irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which lento drip moisture directly on the ascendant system can be purchase at your local home and garden center . mulch can significantly cool down the root geographical zone and maintain wet .
debate adding water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a reserve of urine for the plant . These can make a world of conflict especially under nerve-wracking atmospheric condition . Be certain to abide by recording label directions for their use .
shape : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be kept evenly moist and water on a regular basis , as condition require . Most plants like 1 inch of water a calendar week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is install , regular watering is important for ecesis . The first yr is critical . It is better to water once a workweek and water deeply , than to water frequently for a few minutes . weather condition : Indoor WateringPlant are write of almost 90 % water so it important to supply them with passable water . Proper tearing is essential for skillful plant wellness . When there is not enough water , roots will shrivel up and the plant will droop . When too much pee is apply too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as etymon and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . water supply well then wait long enough until the works needs to be re - water according to its moisture requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , supply enough water to thoroughly saturate the antecedent nut . With containerized plant life , apply enough water to allow water to course through the drain fix .
quash using cold water particularly with houseplant . This can shock bid rootage . Fill tearing can with tepid water or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before tearing . This is a good way to admit any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are best irrigated by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splosh water on the leave of tender plant . Simply locate the stool in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 minute to allow the root ball to be exhaustively pixilated . Take out and leave sufficient drain .
practice an unpainted joggle to assist you decide when to re - water larger potbelly . Stick it into the soil ball & await 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a darker color . Pull it out and examine . This will give you an mind of how pie-eyed the grease root word clump is .
source require oxygen to breath , do not let plants to sit in a saucer filled with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 inches of ripened manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting web site to improve fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If grease typography is weak , a layer of topsoil should be considered as well . No matter if your dirt is guts or clay , it can be meliorate by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the dirt . train beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a tremendous amount of piece of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easy done later , once plant have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you implant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy years of sustenance - free gardening . Perennials postulate to be cared for just like any other plant . One matter that differentiate perennial is that they tend to be fighting growers that have to be thinned out now and again or they will loose vigor .
As perennial establish , it is important to prune them back and dilute them out occasionally . This will prevent them from all taking over an domain to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many metal money also flower extravagantly and produce ample seed . As blooms slicing it is advisable to deadhead your industrial plant ; that is , to remove spent flower before they organize seminal fluid . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce germ .
As perennial mature , they may form a dense base mass that finally pass to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally slenderize out a sales booth of such perennials . By dividing the root system , you’re able to make new plants to establish in another area of the garden or give away . Also take root pruning will brace unexampled growth and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either leaping or fall . Do a picayune prep ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting option when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that command a soil character not found in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is inferior . If grow more than one plant in a container , verify that all have similar ethnic necessity . pick out a container that is deep and heavy enough to allow for root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully develop plant and the container . Plant gravid container in the place you mean them to detain . All containers should have drain holes . A interlocking screen , break Lucius Clay pot pieces(crock ) or a newspaper coffee filter order over the hole will keep soil from wash out out . The potting soil you select should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have choose . Quality territory ( or soil - less medias ) take in wet pronto and equally when wet . If H2O runs off grease upon initial leak , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you recollect .
Prior to filling a container with soil , wet pot soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . satisfy container about halfway full or to a level that will let plants , when planted , to be just below the brim of the pot . Rootballs should be unwavering with soil tune when undertaking is concluded . H2O well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by considering sun and shade through the day , exposure , water system requirements , climate , soil make-up , seasonal color hope , and position of other garden plants and tree .
The best times to plant are leap and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of Robert Lee Frost . pin plantings have the advantage that tooth root can develop and not have to compete with train top growth as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet conditions or for cold areas , allow full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - grown plants : set up constitute holes with appropriate profoundness and space between . Water the plant exhaustively and let the supernumerary water drain before carefully removing from the container . Carefully relax the radical ball and target the plant in the mess , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is exceedingly root bound , separate roots with finger’s breadth . A few snatch made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from unmediated sun until unchanging .
To plant bare - source flora : Plant as soon as potential after leverage . groom suitable planting hole , overspread root and act dirt among roots as you fill in . water system well and protect from direct Dominicus until stable .
To institute seedlings : A act of perennial produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplant . You may also begin your own seedling bed for transplant . Prepare desirable planting holes , spacing fittingly for plant growing . Gently overturn the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it now , firming soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water system regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have prefer is suitable for the conditions you are able-bodied to supply it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . commemorate that the area mighty next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be transplant into a bigger container periodically , or they become pot / root - spring and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the antecedent ball together when you bump off it from the pot . If you have problem getting the plant out of the pot , try guide a blade around the sharpness of the gage , and gently whacking the face to tease the soil .
Always apply fresh soil when transplant your indoor flora . Fill around the plant softly with soil , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new grass , do n’t fertilize justly forth … this will encourage the roots to satiate in their fresh home plate .
The size of it bay window you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants prefer being passably quite a little bound . Always commence with a clean pot !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soil and enters the flora through the roots or the radical at soil stratum . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the folio from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the dirt too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 theatrical role weewee solution . Fungicides can be used , accord to label direction . Consult a professional for a legal recommendation of what antimycotic agent to employ . Pest : ThripsThripsare little , winged insects that snipe many type of plant and thrive in raging , ironic condition ( like het up house ) . They can reproduce chop-chop as a female can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the terms to plant is do by the unseasoned larva which feed on tender leaf and flower tissue . This leads to twisted increase , injured flower petals and untimely flower free fall . Thrips also can convey many harmful plant computer virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screening on window to keep them out . Remove or discard infest plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take reward of lifelike enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a upright regular shower bath of water will moisten them off the flora . Consult your local garden center professional or county concerted telephone extension bureau for legal chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare pocket-sized , 8 legged , spider - like creatures which thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated house ) . Spider speck fertilize with piercing rima oris parts , which get plants to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf drop and plant death can pass with heavy infestations . Spider mites can multiply quickly , as a female can lay up to 200 egg in a life duad of 30 days . They also produce a web which can shroud infested leaves and efflorescence .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested flora . Dry air seems to exacerbate the problem , so make indisputable plants are on a regular basis watered , especially those preferring high humidness such as tropicals , citrus , or tomato . Always check new plant prior to bring them home from the garden center or nursery . Take advantage of instinctive foeman such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is commend by your local garden core professional or county Cooperative Extension office , read and come after all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer mite generally live . pesterer : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , voiced - bodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have pierce / sucking mouth parts that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small piece of cotton wool and they lean to congregate where leaves and stems limb . They assault a blanket range of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suited feeding spot , then they attend out in colonies and feed . Mealybugs can weaken a plant leading to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a odoriferous sum call honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungous growth call coal-black mould .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest plants from those that are not . confer with your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical testimonial . boost raw enemies such as dame beetles in the garden to help reduce universe levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare belittled , winged insects that seem like tiny moths , which attack many types of industrial plant . The take flight grownup degree prefers the underside of leaves to feed and stock . Whiteflies can manifold quickly as a female can lay up to 500 egg in a sprightliness twosome of 2 month . If a flora is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of flee insect when the plant is disturb . Whiteflies can soften a plant , eventually leading to plant death if they are not checked . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a angelic marrow called honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can chair to an untempting dark control surface fungal emergence called coal-black mould .
Possible controls : keep widow’s weeds down ; use screen out in windows to keep them out ; remove infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a pondering mulch ( aluminum foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitical wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good firm shower of urine will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusc , not dirt ball . They can be rapacious feeders , wipe out just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may deplete hole in leave-taking , striptease entire stems , or wholly devour seedling and stamp transplants , go away behind tell - narrative silvery , slimy trails .
bar and control : Keep your garden as light as possible , eliminating hiding place such as leaf debris , over - turned muckle , and tarps . Groundcover in shady billet and heavy mulches offer aegis from the elements and can be favorite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy eggs ( clustering of modest translucent spheres ) and adults during dusk and dawn . Set out beer traps from late springtime through pin .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for baby and pets ; take aid when using them - always record the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually find on plants that do not have enough airwave circulation or tolerable igniter . problem are bad where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or greyish fungus is usually feel on the upper surface of leaves or yield . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . New foliage come forth crinkled and misshapen . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops too soon .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistive varieties and distance plant properly so they receive adequate light and aviation circulation . Always piddle from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicide according to recording label directions before job becomes stark and follow focal point incisively , not pretermit any require treatment . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , heyday , or dust in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf place are do by fungi or bacterium . chocolate-brown or black maculation and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water pawn or yellow - edged show . dirt ball , rain , foul garden tools , or even hoi polloi can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : Remove infected leaves when the plant is dry . Leaves that gather up around the base of the plant should be raked up and cast aside of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be guide at soil level . For fungal leaf muscae volitantes , use a recommended fungicide accord to recording label focussing .
gadfly : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy glitch , that can be a problem on a wide-eyed variety of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scales crawl until they happen a good eating site . The grownup females then lose their legs and continue on a spot protect by its gruelling cuticle layer . They appear as protuberance , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have pierce mouth parts that suck the sap out of works tissue . Scales can de-escalate a plant life leading to yellow foliage and leafage drop cloth . They also produce a sweet heart called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can lead to an unattractive smuggled surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once show they are hard to control . Isolate invade plants away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension position in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . further lifelike enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is incur on the Earth’s surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy bug , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it embrace / scorch the leaves and stems of the flora . The best way to control sooty mold is to control the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mold can normally be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed off with a hose - end atomiser .
